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XML Documents

XML documents are made up of two parts: a prologue and a body.

DTDs are rules that define the elements that can exist in a particular document or group of documents, and the relationships among the various elements. A DTD can be part of the content of an XML document or can be separate from it and referred to by the documents. Here is an example of a DTD:

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 

Elements represent the logical components of documents. They can contain data or other elements. For example, a customer element can contain a number of column (field) elements and each column element one data value. Here is an example of an element:

<name>Clyde</name> 

Elements can have additional information called attributes attached to them. Attributes describe properties of elements. Here is an example of an element with an attribute, emp-num:

<name emp-num="1">Mary</name> 

Here is an example of elements that contain other elements:

<phone><entry><name>Chip</name><extension>3</extension></entry></phone> 


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